Nature of science:
Theories can be supported, falsified or replaced by new theories - acid–base theories can be extended to a wider field of applications by considering lone pairs of electrons. Lewis theory doesn't falsify Brønsted–Lowry but extends it. 2.5
Essential idea: The acid-base concept can be extended to reactions that do not involve proton transfer.
A Lewis acid is a lone pair acceptor and a Lewis base is a lone pair donor.
When a Lewis base reacts with a Lewis acid a coordinate bond is formed.
A nucleophile is a Lewis base and an electrophile is a Lewis acid.
Application of Lewis' acid-base theory to inorganic and organic chemistry to identify the role of the reacting species.
Both organic and inorganic examples should be studied.
Relations between Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis acids and bases should be discussed.
Acid-base theory has developed from the ideas of people from different parts of the world through both collaboration and competition.
The same phenomenon can sometimes be explored from different perspectives, and explained by different theories. For example, do we judge competing theories by their universality, simplicity or elegance?
Topics 4.2 and 4.3-covalent molecules and Lewis dot diagrams
Topic 13.2-transition metal complexes
Topic 20.1-nucleophiles
Aim 6: Transition metal complexes could be experimentally explored.
Aim 7: Animations can be used to distinguish between the different acid-base theories.