Standard level
The term "acid" is general for a group of substances that release hydrogen ions in solution and consequently react in a characteristic manner with certain reagents.
Background
These are test tube reactions to exemplify the reactions of dilute acids.
- Acid + base → salt + water
- Acid + metal oxide → salt + water
- Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
- Acid + metal sulfite → salt + water + sulfur dioxide
- Acid + active metal → salt + hydrogen
Note: The last reaction in the list above is not neutralisation, it is redox.
Chemicals
- Hydrochloric acid, 2M
- Sulfuric acid, 1M
- Ethanoic acid, 2M
- Copper(II) oxide
- Copper(II) carbonate
- Calcium hydroxide solution (limewater)
- Magnesium filings
Apparatus
- Test-tubes and rack
- Dropping pipettes
- Conical flask, 100ml
- Filter funner and paper
- Small Bunsen burner
- Clamp, stand and boss
- Splints
- Follow the methodology in the animation below, using the three acids
- Acids are corrosive and hazardous and even more so when hot.
- The reaction of magnesium with acids is very exothermic - care.